Uma sibheka emuva ngo-2023, ukusebenza kahle komnotho omkhulu emhlabeni wonke bekubuthakathaka, nokulindela okuqinile kanye neqiniso elibuthakathaka emakethe yasekhaya kushayisana kakhulu.Amandla okukhiqiza insimbi aqhubeka nokukhululwa, futhi isidingo esingaphansi komfula ngokuvamile sasibuthakathaka.Isidingo sangaphandle senze kangcono kunesidingo sasekhaya, futhi amanani ensimbi akhombisa inkambiso yokukhuphuka nokwehla, eguquguqukayo kanye nokwehla.
Ngokulandelana, kwikota yokuqala ka-2023, ukuvinjelwa nokulawulwa kwe-COVID-19 kuzoguqulwa kahle, futhi ukulindela okukhulu kuzoba kuhle, kukhuphule intengo yensimbi;Esigabeni sesibili, kwavela inkinga yezikweletu zase-US, umnotho wasekhaya wawuntekenteke, ukuphikisana phakathi kokuhlinzekwa nokufunwa kwaqiniswa, futhi intengo yensimbi yehla;Kwikota yesithathu, umdlalo phakathi kokulindela okuqinile neqiniso elibuthakathaka waqina, futhi imakethe yensimbi yashintshashintsha kancane kancane;Ngekota yesine, okulindelwe ngama-macro kwaba ngcono, ukuxhaswa kwezimali kwanda, ukuhlinzekwa kwensimbi kwehla, ukusekelwa kwezindleko kwasala, nezintengo zensimbi zaqala ukukhuphuka.
Ngo-2023, inani lentengo eliphelele lensimbi e-China lalingu-4452 yuan/ton, ukwehla ngo-523 yuan/ton ukusuka enanini eliyisilinganiso lika-4975 yuan/ton ngo-2022. Ukwehla konyaka nonyaka kwamanani kwakusukela kwezinkulu kuye kwezincane. , okuhlanganisa insimbi yesigaba, insimbi ekhethekile, izinsimbi zensimbi, amapuleti awugqinsi, imikhiqizo egoqelwe ngokushisayo, nemikhiqizo egoqwe ngokubanda.
Sekukonke, ngo-2023, imakethe yensimbi eChina izokhombisa ikakhulukazi lezi zici ezilandelayo:
Okokuqala, ukukhiqizwa kwensimbi sekukonke kuhlala kuphakeme.Ngokusho kwedatha evela ku-National Bureau of Statistics, kusukela ngoJanuwari kuya kuNovemba 2023, ukukhiqizwa kwensimbi engahluziwe yaseChina kwafinyelela ingqikithi yamathani ayizigidi ezingu-952.14, ukwanda konyaka ngo-1.5%;Ukukhiqizwa okuhlanganisiwe kwensimbi yengulube kufinyelele amathani ayizigidi ezingu-810.31, ukwanda konyaka ngonyaka ka-1.8%;Ukukhiqizwa kwensimbi okuhlanganisiwe kufinyelele amathani ayizigidi ezingu-1252.82, okuwukukhula konyaka ngo-5.7%.Kulinganiselwa ukuthi ngo-2023, ukukhiqizwa kwensimbi engahluziwe yaseChina kuzofinyelela kumathani ayizigidi eziyizinkulungwane eziyi-1.03, okuwukukhuphuka konyaka ngo-1.2%.
Okwesibili, ukwanda okuphawulekayo kokuthunyelwa kwensimbi kwamanye amazwe sekube ukhiye wokulinganisa ukutholakala kwasekhaya kanye nesidingo.Ngo-2023, kunenzuzo enkulu emananini ensimbi asekhaya kanye nama-oda anele aphesheya kwezilwandle, okuholela ekwenyukeni okukhulu kwevolumu yokuthekelisa.Ngokwezibalo ezivela ku-General Administration of Customs, kusukela ngoJanuwari kuya kuNovemba 2023, i-China yathumela ngaphandle amathani ayizigidi ezingu-82.66 ensimbi, okuwukunyuka konyaka ngama-35.6%.I-China Iron and Steel Industry Association ibikezela ukuthi ukuthunyelwa kwensimbi yaseChina kuzodlula amathani ayizigidi ezingama-90 ngonyaka ka-2023.
Ngaso leso sikhathi, imikhiqizo yensimbi ecebile yaseShayina, esezingeni eliphezulu futhi ethengekayo isekela izimboni ezisezansi nomfula ukuba zibambe iqhaza emqhudelwaneni wamazwe ngamazwe, kanti imboni yokukhiqiza izimpahla ezithunyelwa ngaphandle ezinkulu ziqhuba ukuthunyelwa kwensimbi kwamanye amazwe ngokungaqondile.Kulinganiselwa ukuthi ngo-2023, umthamo wensimbi waseShayina ongaqondile ozothunyelwa kwamanye amazwe uzoba cishe amathani ayizigidi eziyi-113.
Okwesithathu, isidingo esingaphansi komfula ngokuvamile sibuthakathaka.Ngo-2023, umnotho waseShayina uzosimama kancane kancane, kodwa i-CPI (Inkomba Yamanani Abathengi) kanye ne-PPI (Inkomba Yamanani Efekthri Yemikhiqizo Yezimboni) zizoqhubeka nokusebenza ngezinga eliphansi, futhi izinga lokukhula lokutshalwa kwempahla engashintshi, ukutshalwa kwezimali kwengqalasizinda kanye nokutshalwa kwezimali kwezokukhiqiza kuzoqhubeka. ube ngaphansi uma kuqhathaniswa.Ethintwe yilokhu, isidingo sisonke sensimbi ngo-2023 sizoba buthakathaka kuneminyaka edlule.Kulinganiselwa ukuthi ngo-2023, ukusetshenziswa kwensimbi engahluziwe eChina kungaba amathani ayizigidi ezingama-920, ukwehla konyaka nonyaka ngo-2.2%.
Okwesine, ukusebenza kwezindleko eziphezulu kuye kwaholela ekwehleni okuqhubekayo kwenzuzo yamabhizinisi ensimbi.Nakuba izintengo zamalahle ne-coke zehla ngo-2023, izinkampani zensimbi ngokuvamile zingaphansi kwengcindezi enkulu yezindleko ngenxa yokusebenza okuphezulu okuqhubekayo kwamanani ensimbi yensimbi.Idatha ikhombisa ukuthi ngasekupheleni kuka-2023, izindleko ezimaphakathi zensimbi encibilikisiwe zamabhizinisi ensimbi yasekhaya zikhuphuke ngo-264 yuan/ton uma kuqhathaniswa nesikhathi esifanayo ngo-2022, ngezinga lokukhula lika-9.21%.Ngenxa yokwehla okuqhubekayo kwamanani ensimbi kanye nezindleko ezikhuphukayo, inzuzo yezinkampani zensimbi yehle kakhulu.Ngo-2023, umkhawulo wenzuzo yokuthengisa embonini yensimbi wawusezingeni eliphansi lezimboni ezinkulu zezimboni, futhi indawo yokulahlekelwa yemboni yaqhubeka nokukhula.Ngokwezibalo zeNhlangano Yensimbi, ezingxenyeni ezintathu zokuqala zika-2023, izibalo ezibalulekile zabonisa ukuthi imali yokusebenza kwamabhizinisi ensimbi yayingama-4.66 trillion yuan, ukwehla konyaka ngonyaka ngo-1.74%;Izindleko zokusebenza bezingu-4.39 trillion yuan, ukwehla konyaka nonyaka ngo-0.61%, futhi ukwehla kwemali engenayo kwaba ngamaphesenti angu-1.13 amakhulu kunokuncipha kwezindleko zokusebenza;Inzuzo isiyonke ibingama-yuan ayizigidi eziyizinkulungwane ezingama-62,1, ukwehla konyaka nonyaka ngama-34.11%;Inzuzo yokuthengisa ibingu-1.33%, ukwehla konyaka nonyaka ngamaphesenti angama-0.66.
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Isikhathi sokuthumela: Jan-23-2024