Izinhlobo Nezinhlobo Zensimbi, Futhi Yiziphi Izigaba Ezine Ezinkulu Zensimbi?

1,Yiziphi izinhlobo zensimbi

1. I-40Cr, 42CrMo, njll.: Ibhekisela kunsimbi yesakhiwo se-alloy, enamandla kakhulu ezinga lokushisa eliphezulu nokumelana nokukhathala, futhi ngokuvamile isetshenziselwa ukukhiqiza izingxenye ezibalulekile zemishini emikhulu.Imodeli yensimbi ejwayelekile yamazwe omhlaba i-ASTM A3 iyinsimbi ejwayelekile yaseMelika yesakhiwo sekhabhoni, enezakhiwo ezisebenza ngomshini futhi isetshenziswa kakhulu ekwenzeni izingxenye ezijwayelekile zesakhiwo.

2. Izinhlobo eziyinhloko zensimbi zihlanganisa insimbi ekhethekile ye-carbon structural, insimbi yensimbi ye-carbon, i-carbon spring steel, i-alloy spring steel, i-alloy structural steel, insimbi ethwala ibhola, insimbi yensimbi ye-alloy, insimbi yensimbi ephezulu ye-alloy, insimbi yethuluzi lesivinini esikhulu, insimbi engagqwali. , insimbi ekwazi ukumelana nokushisa, kanye nama-alloys ashisa kakhulu, ama-alloys anembile, nama-alloys e-electrothermal.

3. Inani lika-E: 26 lamamodeli avamile nalawo ano-a, 44 kulabo abano-b, kanye no-24 kulabo abano-c.Iyunithi ngayinye yobude ingamamilimitha.Ubukhulu bensimbi bubhekisela kubukhulu obuyisisekelo kakhulu bezinhlobo ezihlukahlukene zensimbi, okuhlanganisa ubude, ububanzi, ukuphakama, ububanzi, irediyasi, ububanzi bangaphakathi, ububanzi bangaphandle, nokuqina kodonga.

4. Insimbi ngokuvamile ihlukaniswe izigaba ezine: amaphrofayili, amapuleti, izinto zokwakha, namapayipi.Izinto zokwakha zamaphrofayili namapuleti zihlukaniswa ikakhulukazi njenge-Q235B, Q345B, ne-Q355B, kuyilapho impahla yokwakha i-HRB400E, kanye nempahla yamapayipi nayo ikakhulukazi i-Q235B.

Izinhlobo zamaphrofayili zifaka insimbi emise okwe-H, insimbi emise okwe-I, insimbi yesiteshi, nensimbi ye-engeli.

5. Insimbi ekhethekile: ibhekisela ensimbi ekhethekile esetshenziswa emikhakheni ehlukahlukene yezimboni, njengensimbi yezimoto, insimbi yemishini yezolimo, insimbi yendiza, insimbi yokukhiqiza imishini, insimbi yokushisisa isithando somlilo, insimbi kagesi, izintambo zokushisela, njll. ukucaciswa kwemikhiqizo ehlukene yamapayipi ashiselwe nakho kuhlukile, kuvame ukuvezwa ngobubanzi obungajwayelekile.

2, Indlela yokuhlukanisa izinhlobo namamodeli ensimbi

1. Ngokusho kokusetshenziswa okuhlukene kanye nezidingo, insimbi ingahlukaniswa ngezinhlobo ezihlukahlukene namamodeli.Insimbi yekhabhoni ehlukaniswa ngokwamakhemikhali: Insimbi enokuqukethwe kwekhabhoni phakathi kuka-008% no-11%, ikakhulukazi esetshenziselwa ukukhiqiza izingxenye zemishini, amasondo, amathrekhi, njll.

2. Incazelo yokuhlukanisa yendlela yokumelela ibanga lensimbi eShayina: 1. Insimbi yesakhiwo sekhabhoni yakhiwe ngophawu lwezinga le-Q+inombolo+yezinga+uphawu lwendlela yokukhipha umoya-mpilo.Ibanga layo lensimbi lifakwe kuqala ngokuthi "Q", elimele iphuzu lokukhiqiza lensimbi, futhi izinombolo ezilandelayo zimelela inani lephoyinti lokukhiqiza, ku-MPa.Isibonelo, i-Q235 imele iphuzu lesivuno ( σ s) 23 MPa carbon structural steel.

3. Insimbi ihlukaniswe yaba izinhlobo ezine: amaphrofayili, amapuleti, izinto zokwakha, namapayipi.Phakathi kwazo, amaphrofayili namapuleti angahlukaniswa abe yi-Q235B, Q345B, ne-Q355B, kuyilapho izinto zokwakha ziyi-HRB400E namapayipi angu-Q235B.Izinhlobo zamaphrofayili zingahlukaniswa zibe insimbi emise okwe-H, insimbi emise okwe-I, njalonjalo.

4. Insimbi eyenziwe ngomgunyathi;Cast steel;Insimbi egoqiwe eshisayo;Insimbi edonsayo ebandayo.Insimbi ehlukaniswa ngesakhiwo se-metallographic esimweni esihlanganisiwe: ① insimbi ye-hypoeutectoid (i-ferrite+pearlite);② Eutectoid steel (pearlite);③ Imvula yensimbi evela ku-eutectic steel (pearlite+cementite);④ Insimbi ye-lainitic (pearlite+cementite).

5. Insimbi eyakhiwe ebandayo: uhlobo lwensimbi olwakhiwe insimbi egobayo ebandayo noma imicu yensimbi.Amaphrofayili ekhwalithi ephezulu: Insimbi eyindilinga yekhwalithi ephezulu, insimbi yesikwele, insimbi eyisicaba, insimbi enezinhlangothi ezine, njll. b.Ishidi lensimbi;Ipuleti lensimbi elincanyana: Ipuleti lensimbi elinogqinsi lwamamilimitha angu-4 noma ngaphansi.Amapuleti ensimbi amaphakathi futhi awugqinsi: Amapuleti ensimbi anogqinsi olungaphezu kwamamilimitha angu-4.

6. Inombolo imele inani lephoyinti lesivuno, isibonelo, i-Q275 imele iphuzu lesivuno lika-275Mpa.Uma izinhlamvu A, B, C, no-D zimakwe ngemuva kwebanga, kubonisa ukuthi izinga lekhwalithi yensimbi lihlukile, futhi inani le-S no-P liyancipha ngokulandelana, kuyilapho ikhwalithi yensimbi ikhula ngokulandelana.